Ingot Casting : R&D Trends

Ingot Casting : R&D Trends

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IRON AND STEEL

Overview

PROCESSES

Agglomeration
Coking
Blast Furnace
Direct Reduction
Basic Oxygen Furnace
Electric Arc Furnace
Heat Treating
Ladle Metallurgy
Continuous Casting
Ingot Casting
Ladle Preheating
Secondary Finishing
Surface Coating

ALUMINUM

Overview

PROCESSES

Mining/Primary Processing
Recycle/Scrap Melting
Aluminum Casting
Aluminum Smelting
Anode Baking
Bauxite Mining
Bauxite Refining
Extrusion
Forging
Heat Treating
Molten Handling
Rolling

Courtesy of U.S. Steel

Equipment
Combustion Technology
Energy Consumption
Process Description
R&D Trends

Most work at steel mills is done to eliminate ingot casting and primary mills altogether. Some capacity problems will remain in the future to account for upset conditions between the steelmaking shops and the rolling mills.